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 Xác định sự tích trừ Cacbon, phosphorus, nitơ và trầm tích trong hồ chứa nhiệt đới.
Tác giả hoặc Nhóm tác giả:  Némery, J., Gratiot, N., Doan, P.T.K., Duvert, C., Alvarado, R., and Duwig, C
Nơi đăng: Aquatic Sciences Journal; Số: Aquat Sci (2016) 78:171–189;Từ->đến trang: 1-19;Năm: 2015
Lĩnh vực: Môi trường; Loại: Bài báo khoa học; Thể loại: Quốc tế
TÓM TẮT
ABSTRACT
Rapid urbanization and the absence of efficientwater management policies are increasingly degrading thewater quality of tropical reservoirs in developing countries.The small tropical reservoir of Cointzio, located in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, is a warm monomictic water body(surface area = 6 km2 with short water residence time\1 year) that is strategic to the drinking water supply of thecity of Morelia and to downstream irrigation during the dryseason (6 months of the year). The reservoir faces twothreats: (a) reduced water storage capacity due to sedimentaccumulation and (b) eutrophication caused by excessnutrients that likely come from untreated wastewaters in theupstream watershed. Intensive field measurements of waterand sediment were conducted in 2009 to characterize thetrophic status of the reservoir and to estimate nitrogen(N) and phosphorus (P) sources, total suspended sediment(TSS) (N), (P), and carbon (C) loads, and their accumulationor removal in the reservoir. We found that point sourcesrepresent the majority of N and P inputs to the reservoir. Thetrophic status is clearly eutrophic given the high chlorophylla peaks (up to 70 lg L-1) and a long period of anoxia (fromMay to October). Most of the TSS, C, N, and P were conveyedto the reservoir between June and October during thewet season. The TSS yield from the watershed was estimatedat 35 ± 19 t km-2 year-1, of which more than 90 % wastrapped in the reservoir (sediment accumulationrate = 7800 ± 2100 g m-2 of reservoir year-1). The exportload of C, N, and P downstream at the reservoir outlet wasreduced by 31, 46 and 30 % respectively in comparison tothe load at the reservoir inlet. This study reveals the effect ofclimatic seasonality on inputs to tropical reservoirs andaccumulation; it also highlights the need to both reducenutrient input to combat eutrophication and mitigate erosionto maintain the water storage capacity of the reservoir overthe long term.
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